Selected Cases by Article & Issues

Article 1642 Cases
Article 218 Cases
Article 350 Cases
Article 4160 Cases
Article 51 Cases
Article 684 Cases
Article 7219 Cases
Article 896 Cases
Article 954 Cases
Article 109 Cases
Article 1134 Cases
Article 126 Cases
Article 132 Cases
Article 1449 Cases
Article 150 Cases
Article 163 Cases
Article 170 Cases
Article 1881 Cases
Article 1950 Cases (1) A reply to an offer which purports to be an acceptance but contains additions, limitations or other modifications is a rejection of the offer and constitutes a counter-offer.

(2) However, a reply to an offer which purports to be an acceptance but contains additional or different terms which do not materially alter the terms of the offer constitutes an acceptance, unless the offeror, without undue delay, objects orally to the discrepancy or dispatches a notice to that effect. If he does not so object, the terms of the contract are the terms of the offer with the modifications contained in the acceptance.

(3) Additional or different terms relating, among other things, to the price, payment, quality and quantity of the goods, place and time of delivery, extent of one party"s liability to other or the settlement of disputes are considered to alter the terms of the offer materially.
Number Issue # Cases
1 Modified acceptance 7
1.1 Constituting counter-offer 19
Country Date Court
Arbitral Award 00-12-1998 ICC Court of Arbitration - Milan
Arbitral Award 26-12-2014 China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission
Cases: 2
Belgium 08-10-2004 Hof van Beroep, Gent
Cases: 1
France 27-05-2008 Court d'Appel de Rennes
Cases: 1
Germany 22-09-1992 Oberlandesgericht Hamm
Germany 04-03-1994 Oberlandesgericht Frankfurt am Main
Germany 31-03-1995 Oberlandesgericht Frankfurt am Main
Germany 23-05-1995 Oberlandesgericht Frankfurt am Main
Germany 04-10-2002 Oberlandesgericht Koblenz
Germany 25-03-2015 Bundesgerichshof
Cases: 6
Italy 24-08-2006 Tribunale di Rovereto
Italy 21-11-2007 Tribunale di Rovereto
Cases: 2
Mexico 10-03-2005 Primer Tribunal Colegiado en Materia Civil del Primer Circuito
Cases: 1
Netherlands 19-08-2015 Rechtbank Den Haag
Cases: 1
Spain 17-02-1998 Tribunal Supremo
Cases: 1
Switzerland 05-04-2005 Schweizerisches Bundesgericht
Cases: 1
USA 07-12-1999 U.S. District Court of Illinois
USA 05-05-2003 U.S. Circuit Court of Appeal (9th Circuit)
USA 18-01-2011 U.S. District Court, Southern District of New York
Cases: 3
1.2 Constituting acceptance where modifications not material and not objected to by offeror 7
1.2.1 Examples of non-material modifications 12
1.2.2 Examples of material modifications 19
1.2.3 Battle of forms 8
Article 200 Cases
Article 211 Cases
Article 220 Cases
Article 239 Cases
Article 245 Cases
Article 2599 Cases
Article 2623 Cases
Article 279 Cases
Article 283 Cases
Article 2924 Cases
Article 3017 Cases
Article 3156 Cases
Article 323 Cases
Article 3326 Cases
Article 344 Cases
Article 35144 Cases
Article 3628 Cases
Article 370 Cases
Article 3891 Cases
Article 39244 Cases
Article 4032 Cases
Article 412 Cases
Article 426 Cases
Article 432 Cases
Article 4410 Cases
Article 4541 Cases
Article 4613 Cases
Article 4724 Cases
Article 489 Cases
Article 49115 Cases
Article 5044 Cases
Article 5116 Cases
Article 525 Cases
Article 5377 Cases
Article 5410 Cases
Article 559 Cases
Article 560 Cases
Article 5770 Cases
Article 5820 Cases
Article 5925 Cases
Article 607 Cases
Article 6124 Cases
Article 6224 Cases
Article 6314 Cases
Article 6428 Cases
Article 651 Cases
Article 664 Cases
Article 6717 Cases
Article 680 Cases
Article 696 Cases
Article 701 Cases
Article 7129 Cases
Article 729 Cases
Article 7318 Cases
Article 74154 Cases
Article 7548 Cases
Article 7617 Cases
Article 7744 Cases
Article 78230 Cases
Article 7940 Cases
Article 8014 Cases
Article 8135 Cases
Article 8211 Cases
Article 831 Cases
Article 8429 Cases
Article 855 Cases
Article 867 Cases
Article 874 Cases
Article 8810 Cases
Article 890 Cases
Article 901 Cases
Article 910 Cases
Article 9210 Cases
Article 934 Cases
Article 940 Cases
Article 954 Cases
Article 966 Cases
Article 970 Cases
Article 980 Cases
Article 992 Cases
Article 10022 Cases
Article 1010 Cases
Total Cases in the database 3754