Selected Cases by Article & Issues
Article 1134 Cases
A contract of sale need not to be concluded in or evidenced by writing and is not subject to any other requirements as to form. It may be proved by any means, including witnesses.
| Number | Issue | # Cases |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Written form generally not required | 15 |
| 1.1 | For substantive purposes | 8 |
| 1.2 | For evidentiary purposes | 5 |
| 1.2.1 | Admissibility of all evidence, including testimony by witnesses | 8 |
| 2 | Written form exceptionally required | |
| 2.1 | Party situated in Contracting State having made reservation under Art. 96 | 2 |
| 2.2 | Contractual agreement requiring written form | |
| 3 | Statute of Frauds | 2 |