Contracting States
Albania
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 13th May 2009
- Inforce:
- 1st June 2010
- Reservations
- None
Argentina
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 19th July 1983
- Inforce:
- 1st January 1988
- Reservations
- In accordance with Arts. 12 and 96 of the UN Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods, any provisions of Art. 11, Art. 29 or Part II of the Convention that allows a contract of sale or its modification or termination by agreement or any offer, acceptance or other indication of intention to be made in any form other than in writing, does not apply where any party had his place of business in the Argentine Republic.
Armenia
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 12th February 2008
- Inforce:
- 1st January 2010
- Reservations
- None
Australia
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 17th March 1988
- Inforce:
- 1st April 1989
- Reservations
- The Convention shall apply to all Australian States and mainland territories and to all external territories except the territories of Christmas Island, the Cocos (Keeling) Island and the Ashmore and Cartier Island.
Austria
- Signature:
- 11th April 1980
- Approval:
- 29th December 1987
- Inforce:
- 1st January 1989
- Reservations
- None
Azerbaijan
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 3rd March 2016
- Inforce:
- 1st June 2017
- Reservations
- None
Bahrain
- Signature:
- 1st January 2000
- Approval:
- 25th September 2013
- Inforce:
- 1st October 2014
- Reservations
- None
Belarus
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 9th October 1989
- Inforce:
- 1st November 1990
- Reservations
- In accordance with Arts. 12 and 96 of the Convention Belarus declares that any provision of Art. 11, Art. 29 or Part II of the Convention that allows a contract of sale or its modification or termination by agreement or any offer, acceptance or other indication of intention to be made in any form other than in writing, does not apply where any party had his place of business in the [Belarus].
Belgium
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 31st October 1996
- Inforce:
- 1st November 1997
- Reservations
- None
Bosnia & Herzegovina
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- - - -
- Inforce:
- 6th March 1992
- Reservations
- None [The Convention was signed by the former Yugoslavia on 11-04-1980 and an instrument of ratification was deposited on 27-03-1985, with the Convention entering into force for the former Yugoslavia on 01-01-1988. On 12-01-1994 Bosnia and Herzegovina deposited an instrument of succession, with effect from 06-03-1992, the date of succession of States.]
Brazil
- Signature:
- 1st January 2000
- Approval:
- 4th March 2013
- Inforce:
- 1st April 2014
- Reservations
- None
Bulgaria
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 9th July 1990
- Inforce:
- 1st August 1991
- Reservations
- None
Burundi
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 4th September 1998
- Inforce:
- 1st October 1999
- Reservations
- None
Cameroon
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 11th October 2017
- Inforce:
- 1st November 2018
- Reservations
- None
Canada
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 23rd April 1991
- Inforce:
- 1st May 1992
- Reservations
- Upon accession the Government of Canada declared, in accordance with Art. 93 of the Convention, that the Convention will extend to Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island and Northwest Territories. Upon accession the Government of Canada declared that, in accordance with Art. 95 of the Convention, with respect to British Columbia, it will not be bound by Art. 1(1)(b) of the Convention. In a notification received on 31-07-1992, the Government of Canada withdrew that declaration. In a declaration received on 09-04-1992 the Government of Canada extended the application of the Convention to Quebec and Saskatchewan. In a notification received on 29-06-1992, Canada extended the application of the Convention to Yukon.
Chile
- Signature:
- 11th April 1980
- Approval:
- 7th February 1990
- Inforce:
- 1st March 1991
- Reservations
- The State of Chile declares, in accordance with Arts. 12 and 96 of the Convention, that any provision of Art. 11, Art. 29 or Part II of the Convention that allows a contract of sale or its modification or termination by mutual agreement or any offer, acceptance or other indication of intention to be made in any form other than in writing, does not apply where any party had his place of business in Chile.
China
- Signature:
- 30th September 1981
- Approval:
- 12th November 1986
- Inforce:
- 1st January 1988
- Reservations
- The People's Republic of China declares that it does not consider itself bound by sub-paragraph (b) of paragraph 1 of Art. 1. The People's Republic of China declares that it does not consider itself bound by Art. 11 as well as the provisions in the Convention relating to the content of Art. 11. This reservation has been withdrawn in 2013.
Colombia
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 7th October 2001
- Inforce:
- 8th January 2002
- Reservations
- None
Congo
- Signature:
- 1st January 2000
- Approval:
- 11th June 2014
- Inforce:
- 1st July 2015
- Reservations
- None
Costa Rica
- Signature:
- 12th July 2017
- Approval:
- 12th July 2017
- Inforce:
- 1st August 2018
- Reservations
- None
Croatia
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 8th June 1998
- Inforce:
- 8th October 1991
- Reservations
- None [Upon succeeding to the Convention, the Republic of Croatia has decided, on the basis of the Constitutional Decision on Sovereignty and Independence of the Republic of Croatia of 25-06-1991, and the Decision of the Croatian Parliament of 8-10-1991, and by virtue of succession of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in respect of the territory of the Republic of Croatia, to be considered a party to the Convention with effect as from 8-10-1991, the date on which the Republic of Croatia severed all constitutional and legal connections with the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and took over its international obligations.]
Cuba
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 2nd November 1994
- Inforce:
- 1st December 1995
- Reservations
- None
Cyprus
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 7th March 2005
- Inforce:
- 1st April 2006
- Reservations
- None
Czech Republic
- Signature:
- 1st September 1981
- Approval:
- 1st April 1990
- Inforce:
- 1st January 1993
- Reservations
- Pursuant to Art. 95, the Czech Republic declares that it shall not consider itself bound by the provision of Art. 1, paragraph 1, item b), of the Convention. [The Convention was signed by the former Czechoslovakia on 01-09-1981 and an instrument of ratification was deposited on 05-03-1990, with the Convention entering into force for the former Czechoslovakia on 01-04-1991. On 30-09-1993 Czech Republic deposited an instrument of succession, with effect from 01-01-1993, the date of succession of States.] On 22 November 2017, the Czech Republic deposited an instrument with the Secretary-General of the United Nations withdrawing its declaration made under article 95.
Democtratic People's Republic Of Korea
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 27th March 2019
- Inforce:
- 1st April 2020
- Reservations
- The Democratic People's Republic of Corea declared, in accordance with articles 12 and 96 of the Convention, that any provision of article 11, article 29 or Part II of the Convention that allowed a contract of sale or its modification or termination by agreement or any offer, acceptance or other indication of intention to be made in any form other than in writing, would not apply where any party had his place of business in its territory.
Denmark
- Signature:
- 26th May 1981
- Approval:
- 14th February 1989
- Inforce:
- 1st March 1990
- Reservations
- Denmark will not be bound by Part II of the Convention. Denmark declares, under paragraph 1 of Art. 93, that the Convention shall not apply to the Faroe Islands and Greenland. Denmark declares, under paragraph 1 cf. paragraph 3 of Art. 94, that the Convention shall not apply to contracts of sale where one of the parties has his place of business in Denmark, Finland, Norway or Sweden and the other party has his place of business in another of the said States. Denmark declares, under paragraph 2 of Art. 94, that the Convention is not to apply to contracts of sale where one of the parties has his place of business in Denmark, Finland, Norway or Sweden and the other party has his place of business in Iceland.
Dominican Republic
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 1st June 2010
- Inforce:
- 7th January 2011
- Reservations
- None
Ecuador
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 27th January 1992
- Inforce:
- 1st February 1993
- Reservations
- None
Egypt
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 6th December 1982
- Inforce:
- 1st January 1988
- Reservations
- None
El Salvador
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 27th November 2006
- Inforce:
- 1st December 2007
- Reservations
- None
Estonia
- Signature:
- 20th September 1993
- Approval:
- 20th September 1993
- Inforce:
- 10th January 1994
- Reservations
- In accordance with Arts. 12 and 96 of the Convention, any provision of Art. 11, Art. 29 or Part II of this Convention that allows a contract of sale or its modification or termination by agreement or any offer, acceptance or other indication of intention to be made in any form other than in writing does not apply where any party has his place of business in the Republic of Estonia. This reservation has been withdrawn in 2004.
Fiji
- Signature:
- 7th June 2017
- Approval:
- 7th June 2017
- Inforce:
- 1st July 2018
- Reservations
- None
Finland
- Signature:
- 26th May 1981
- Approval:
- 15th December 1987
- Inforce:
- 1st January 1989
- Reservations
- With reference to Art. 92, Finland will not be bound by Part II of the Convention. With reference to Art. 94, in respect of Sweden in accordance with paragraph (1) and otherwise in accordance with paragraph (2) the Convention will not apply to contracts of sale where the parties have their places of business in Finland, Sweden, Denmark, Iceland or Norway.
France
- Signature:
- 27th August 1981
- Approval:
- 6th August 1982
- Inforce:
- 1st January 1988
- Reservations
- None
Gabon
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 15th December 2004
- Inforce:
- 1st January 2006
- Reservations
- None
Georgia
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 16th August 1994
- Inforce:
- 1st September 1995
- Reservations
- None
Germany
- Signature:
- 26th May 1981
- Approval:
- 21st December 1989
- Inforce:
- 1st January 1991
- Reservations
- The Government of the Federal Republic of Germany holds the view that Parties to the Convention that have made a declaration under Art. 95 of the Convention are not considered Contracting States within the meaning of sub-paragraph (1)(b) of Art. 1 of the Convention. Accordingly, there is no obligation to apply - and the Federal Republic of Germany assumes no obligation to apply - this provision when the rules of private international law lead to the application of the law of a Party that has made a declaration to the effect that it will not be bound by sub-paragraph (1)(b) of Art. 1 of the Convention. Subject to this observation the Government of the Federal Republic of Germany makes no declaration under Art. 95 of the Convention. [The Convention was signed by the former German Democratic Republic on 13-08-1981, ratified on 23-02-1989 and entered into force on 01-03-1990.]
Ghana
- Signature:
- 11th April 1980
- Approval:
- - - -
- Inforce:
- - - -
- Reservations
- None
Greece
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 1st December 1998
- Inforce:
- 2nd January 1999
- Reservations
- None
Guatemala
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 11th December 2019
- Inforce:
- 1st January 2021
- Reservations
- None
Guinea
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 23rd January 1991
- Inforce:
- 1st February 1992
- Reservations
- None
Guyana
- Signature:
- 25th September 2014
- Approval:
- 25th September 2014
- Inforce:
- 1st October 2015
- Reservations
- None
Honduras
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 10th October 2002
- Inforce:
- 11th January 2003
- Reservations
- None
Hungary
- Signature:
- 11th April 1980
- Approval:
- 16th June 1983
- Inforce:
- 1st January 1988
- Reservations
- Hungary states, in accordance with Arts. 12 and 96 of the Convention, that any provision of Art. 11, Art. 29 or Part II of the Convention that allows a contract of sale or its modification or termination by agreement or any offer, acceptance or other indication of intention to be made in any form other than in writing, does not apply where any party had his place of business in the [Hungary]. Hungary considers the General Conditions of Delivery of Goods between Organizations of the Member Countries of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance/GCD CMEA, 1968/1975, version 1979/ to be subject to the provisions of Art. 90 of the Convention. All reservations originally made by Hungary have been withdrawn on 6 July 2015. The withdrawal of the declarations will take effect on 1 February 2016.
Iceland
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 5th October 2001
- Inforce:
- 6th January 2002
- Reservations
- None
Iraq
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 5th March 1990
- Inforce:
- 1st April 1991
- Reservations
- None
Israel
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 22nd January 2002
- Inforce:
- 1st February 2003
- Reservations
- None
Italy
- Signature:
- 30th September 1981
- Approval:
- 11th December 1986
- Inforce:
- 1st January 1988
- Reservations
- None
Japan
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 1st July 2008
- Inforce:
- 1st August 2009
- Reservations
- None
Kyrgyzstan
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 11th May 1999
- Inforce:
- 1st June 2000
- Reservations
- None
Lao People's Democratic Republic
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 24th September 2019
- Inforce:
- 1st October 2020
- Reservations
- The People's Republic of Lao declares that it does not consider itself bound by sub-paragraph (b) of paragraph 1 of Art. 1
Latvia
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 31st July 1997
- Inforce:
- 1st August 1998
- Reservations
- In accordance with Arts. 12 and 96, any provision of Art. 11, Art. 29 or Part II of the Convention that allows a contract of sale or its modification of termination by agreement or any offer, acceptance or other indication of intention to be made in any form other than in writing, does not apply where any party had his place of business in Latvia.
Lebanon
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 21st November 2008
- Inforce:
- 1st December 2009
- Reservations
- None
Lesotho
- Signature:
- 18th June 1981
- Approval:
- 18th June 1981
- Inforce:
- 1st January 1988
- Reservations
- None
Liberia
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 16th September 2005
- Inforce:
- 1st October 2006
- Reservations
- None
Liechtenstein
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 30th April 2019
- Inforce:
- 1st May 2020
- Reservations
- None
Lithuania
- Signature:
- 18th January 1995
- Approval:
- 18th January 1995
- Inforce:
- 2nd January 1996
- Reservations
- In accordance with Arts. 96 and 12, any provisions of Art. 11, Art. 29 or Part II of the Convention that allows a contract for sale or its modification or termination by agreement or any offer, acceptance or other indication of intention to be made in any form other than in writing does not apply where any party has his place of business in Lithuania. This reservation has been withdrawn in 2013.
Luxembourg
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 30th January 1997
- Inforce:
- 1st February 1998
- Reservations
- None
Macedonia
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 22nd November 2006
- Inforce:
- - - -
- Reservations
- None
Madagascar
- Signature:
- 1st January 2000
- Approval:
- 24th September 2014
- Inforce:
- 1st October 2015
- Reservations
- None
Mauritania
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 20th August 1999
- Inforce:
- 1st September 2000
- Reservations
- None
Mexico
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 29th December 1987
- Inforce:
- 1st January 1989
- Reservations
- None
Moldova
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 13th October 1994
- Inforce:
- 1st November 1995
- Reservations
- None
Mongolia
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 31st December 1997
- Inforce:
- 1st January 1999
- Reservations
- None
Montenegro
- Signature:
- 23rd October 2006
- Approval:
- - - -
- Inforce:
- 3rd June 2006
- Reservations
- None
Netherlands
- Signature:
- 29th May 1981
- Approval:
- 13th December 1990
- Inforce:
- 1st January 1992
- Reservations
- None
New Zealand
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 22nd September 1994
- Inforce:
- 1st October 1995
- Reservations
- Upon accession, the Government of New Zealand declared that the accession did not extend to the Cook Islands, Nieu or Tokelau.
Norway
- Signature:
- 26th May 1981
- Approval:
- 20th July 1988
- Inforce:
- 1st August 1989
- Reservations
- In accordance with Art. 92 paragraph (1), Norway will not be bound by Part II of the Convention (Formation of the Contract). With reference to Art. 94, in respect of Finland and Sweden in accordance with paragraph (1) and otherwise in accordance with paragraph (2), Norway declares that the Convention will not apply where the parties have their places of business in Norway, Denmark, Finland, Sweden, Iceland or Sweden.
Paraguay
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 13th January 2006
- Inforce:
- 1st February 2007
- Reservations
- In accordance with articles 12 and 96 CISG, any provision of article 11, article 29 or Part II of the Convention that allows a contract of sale or its modification or termination by mutual agreement, or any offer, acceptance or other indication of intention to be made in any other form than in writing, does not apply where any party has its place of business in Paraguay.
Peru
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 25th March 1999
- Inforce:
- 1st April 2000
- Reservations
- None
Poland
- Signature:
- 28th September 1981
- Approval:
- 15th May 1995
- Inforce:
- 1st June 1996
- Reservations
- None
Portugal
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 23rd September 2020
- Inforce:
- 1st October 2021
- Reservations
- None
Republic of Korea
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 17th February 2004
- Inforce:
- 1st March 2005
- Reservations
- None
Romania
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 22nd May 1991
- Inforce:
- 1st June 1992
- Reservations
- None
Russian Federation
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 16th August 1990
- Inforce:
- 1st September 1991
- Reservations
- The Russian Federation, in accordance with Arts. 12 and 96 of the Convention declares that any provision of Art. 11, Art. 29 or Part II of this Convention that allows a contract of sale or its modification or termination by agreement or any offer, acceptance or other indication of intention to be made in any form other than in writing does not apply where any party has his place of business in the Russian Federation. [The Russian Federation continues, as from 24-12-1991, the membership of the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) in the UN and maintains, as from that date, full responsibility for all the rights and obligations of the USSR under the Charter of the UN and multilateral treaties deposited with the Secretary-General.]
Rwanda
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 22nd September 2023
- Inforce:
- 10th October 2024
- Reservations
- None
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 9th December 2000
- Inforce:
- 10th January 2001
- Reservations
- Pursuant to Art. 95 of the Convention, the State of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines declares that it shall not consider itself bound by the provision of Art.1, paragraph 1, item b) of the Convention.
San Marino
- Signature:
- 1st January 2000
- Approval:
- 22nd February 2012
- Inforce:
- 1st March 2013
- Reservations
- None
Saudi Arabia
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 8th August 2023
- Inforce:
- 1st September 2024
- Reservations
- Saudi Arabia declared that it would not be bound by Part III pursuant to the provision of Paragraph (1) of Article (92) of the Convention.
Serbia
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 12th March 2001
- Inforce:
- - - -
- Reservations
- None
Singapore
- Signature:
- 11th April 1980
- Approval:
- 16th February 1995
- Inforce:
- 1st March 1996
- Reservations
- Pursuant to Art. 95 Singapore will not be bound by sub-paragraph (1)(b) of Art. 1.
Slovakia
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- - - -
- Inforce:
- 1st January 1993
- Reservations
- Pursuant to Art. 95, the [Slovak Republic] declares that it shall not consider itself bound by the provision of Art. 1, paragraph 1, item b) of the Convention. [The Convention was signed by the former Czechoslovakia on 01-09-1981 and an instrument of ratification was deposited on 05-03-1990, with the Convention entering into force for the former Czechoslovakia on 01-04-1991. On 28-05-1993 the Slovak Republic deposited an instrument of succession, with effect from 01-01-1993, the date of succession of States.]
Slovenia
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- - - -
- Inforce:
- 25th June 1991
- Reservations
- None [The Convention was signed by the former Yugoslavia on 11-04-1981 and an instrument of ratification was deposited on 27-03-1985, with the Convention entering into force for the former Yugoslavia on 01-01-1988. On 07-01-1994 Slovenia deposited an instrument of succession, with effect from 25-06-1991, the date of succession of States.]
Spain
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 24th July 1990
- Inforce:
- 1st August 1991
- Reservations
- None
Sweden
- Signature:
- 26th May 1981
- Approval:
- 15th December 1987
- Inforce:
- 1st January 1989
- Reservations
- With reference to Art. 92, Sweden will not be bound by Part II of the Convention (Formation of the Contract). With reference to Art. 94 in respect of Finland in accordance with paragraph (1) and otherwise in accordance with paragraph (2), the Convention will not apply to contracts of sale where the parties have their places of business in Sweden, Finland, Denmark, Iceland or Norway.
Switzerland
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 21st February 1990
- Inforce:
- 1st March 1991
- Reservations
- None
Syrian Arab Republic
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 19th October 1982
- Inforce:
- 1st January 1988
- Reservations
- None
Turkey
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 7th July 2010
- Inforce:
- 1st August 2011
- Reservations
- None
Turkmenistan
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 4th May 2022
- Inforce:
- 1st June 2023
- Reservations
- None
Uganda
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 12th February 1992
- Inforce:
- 1st March 1993
- Reservations
- None
Ukraine
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 3rd January 1990
- Inforce:
- 1st February 1991
- Reservations
- Ukraine, in accordance with Arts. 12 and 96 of the Convention, declares that any provision of Art. 11, Art. 29 or Part II of this Convention that allows a contract of sale or its modification or termination by agreement or any offer, acceptance or other indication of intention to be made in any form other than in writing, would not apply where any party had his place of business Ukraine.
Uruguay
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 25th January 1999
- Inforce:
- 1st February 2000
- Reservations
- None
USA
- Signature:
- 31st August 1981
- Approval:
- 11th December 1986
- Inforce:
- 1st January 1988
- Reservations
- Pursuant to Art. 95 the United States of America will not be bound by sub-paragraph (1)(b) of Art. 1.
Uzbekistan
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 27th November 1996
- Inforce:
- 1st December 1997
- Reservations
- None
Venezuela
- Signature:
- 28th September 1981
- Approval:
- - - -
- Inforce:
- - - -
- Reservations
- None
Vietnam
- Signature:
- 18th December 2015
- Approval:
- 18th December 2015
- Inforce:
- 1st January 2017
- Reservations
- None
Zambia
- Signature:
- - - -
- Approval:
- 6th June 1986
- Inforce:
- 1st January 1988
- Reservations
- None